Das symbolhafte Verschwinden von Sombath Somphone

SudwindSüdwind: 11 November 2014

Die verschwundene Hoffnung

Vor knapp zwei Jahren verschwand Sombath Somphone in seiner Heimat Laos spurlos. Die Geschichte des Enwicklungspädagogen erzählt viel über Möglichkeiten und Grenzen zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements in dem kleinen südostasiatischen Land.
N. N.*

Seit 15. Dezember 2012 fehlt von Sombath Somphone jede Spur. Der Winter ist in Vientiane eine willkommene, wenn auch nur kurze Erholung von Hitze und Regen. Zwischen November und Jänner wird es in der Hauptstadt der Demokratischen Volksrepublik Laos für ein paar Wochen angenehm frisch. Der Abend des 15. Dezember ist ein solcher lauer Winterabend. Sombath Somphone – Agrarexperte und Pädagoge – setzt sich in seinen Jeep und macht sich auf den Weg nach Hause. Entlang der Thadeua Road leuchten die neuen Botschaften, Büros, Restaurants und Geschäfte der Stadt in schimmerndem Orange. Sombath kennt Vientiane noch aus ganz anderen Zeiten.

Nach dem Ende des Vietnamkriegs 1975 übernehmen die KommunistInnen die Macht in Laos. In den biederen ersten Jahren ihrer Herrschaft verschwindet die Farbe aus der damals noch verschlafenen Kleinstadt Vientiane. Bunte Kleidung und Make-up sind als Ausdruck westlicher Dekadenz verpönt. Die EinzelhändlerInnen im Stadtkern schließen ihre Läden. Ein Fünftel der Bevölkerung flieht vor wirtschaftlicher Not und politischen Repressionen ins Ausland. Der Mekong wird zum eisernen Vorhang Asiens. Ausgerechnet zu dieser Zeit kehrt Sombath aus den USA in seine Heimat zurück. Er hatte Anfang der 1970er Jahre im damals noch königlichen Laos ein Stipendium zum Studium der Erziehungs- und Agrarwissenschaften an der Universität in Hawaii erhalten. Nach seinem Abschluss hat Sombath gute Aussichten, als politischer Flüchtling in den USA bleiben zu dürfen. Dennoch entscheidet er sich 1978 für die Rückkehr in sein kriegszerstörtes Heimatland. Sombath fühlt sich verpflichtet, sein erlerntes Wissen einzubringen, um beim Wiederaufbau zu helfen, gerade weil die wenigen gebildeten Leute Laos in Strömen verlassen. Sombath schwimmt gegen den Strom. Continue reading “Das symbolhafte Verschwinden von Sombath Somphone”

Sumbath Somphone, scomparso due anni fa nelle strade di Vientiane

il Manifesto: 15 Ottobre 2014

Luciana Castellina

Il caso del leader desaparecido. Dagli anni ’80 dava sostegno alle piccole conduzioni contadine. Sotto accusa il governo laotiano

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Un poster chiede la liberazione di Sumbath Somphone © Reuters

Che l’attività dei movi­menti e delle asso­cia­zioni che fanno capo al Forum dei popoli euro­pei e asia­tici non sia indo­lore, che non si tratti di sole parole ma di una dura lotta per cam­biare e imporre una demo­cra­zia sostan­ziale, lo prova il caso dram­ma­tico di Sum­bath Som­phone, la cui imma­gine ha colo­rato le mura di tutte le sale dove si sono svolti i lavori della conferenza.

La vicenda ce la rac­conta nell’articolo che segue la moglie, Shii Meng Ng, che, con il suo discorso, ha aperto i lavori della Aepf. Sum­bath, come rac­conta, gui­dava la sua vec­chia jeep nel cen­tro di Vien­tiane, lei lo pre­ce­deva verso casa sul suo vei­colo, quando si è accorta che il marito era stato fer­mato a un posto di blocco della poli­zia. Non ci ha fatto molto caso, pen­sando ad una infra­zione stra­dale, nor­male nel cao­tico traf­fico della capi­tale lao­tiana. L’allarme è scat­tato quando non l’ha più visto arri­vare a casa e inu­tili sono state le ricer­che presso gli ospe­dali e la polizia. Continue reading “Sumbath Somphone, scomparso due anni fa nelle strade di Vientiane”

NGOs Say Proposed Guidelines Would Hamstring Lao Civil Society

Radio Free Asia: 02 October 2014

The authoritarian government in Laos is moving to restrict the operations of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) through a set of new measures, including requiring multiple and time-consuming approvals for community projects, according to the groups’ staff.

The measures are contained in proposed guidelines that would make a four-year-old decree regulating the activities of INGOs stricter in the one-party communist state, they said.

The June-proposed guidelines from the foreign ministry appear aimed at curbing their ability to work independent of the government, NGO staffers told RFA’s Lao Service ahead of an expected meeting with officials in October to discuss the proposal.

An INGO worker in Laos said on condition of anonymity that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) had invited feedback on its proposal from foreign embassies, donors and civil society groups, but said he feared that the suggestions would not be incorporated into the final draft.

“Even if MoFA took into account some proposed changes … there is still concern among INGOs that these guidelines are not addressing important issues, such as the increasing administrative burden … and the lack of predictability when implementing approved programs, or when requesting extension of activities or additional funding approval,” the staffer said. Continue reading “NGOs Say Proposed Guidelines Would Hamstring Lao Civil Society”

Laos stands out…

Sombath-magsaysay-smallLaos stands out in contrast to neighbours like Myanmar, which despite its long-time rule by the military managed to develop an independent civil society, according to John Sifton, Asia Advocacy Director of the Washington-based Human Rights Watch.

“If a human rights defender like Aung Sang Suu Kyi were to stand up in Laos and speak out against authoritarian rule, she would be immediately arrested. And unlike Aung Sang Suu Kyi, having the luxury of living under house arrest, you would just be taken off to prison and never seen again,” he said.

“Laos NGO restrictions threaten development, say non-profit groups,” South China Morning Post, 17 September 2014

Disappeared in Laos

Overland Journal: Spring 2014

The arrest, detention, abduction or any other form of deprivation of liberty by agents of the State or by persons or groups of persons acting with the authorisation, support or acquiescence of the State, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the deprivation of liberty by concealment of the fate or whereabouts of the disappeared person, which place such a person outside the protection of the law.

– Article 2, The International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

The last time Ng Shui Meng saw her husband, Sombath Somphone, alive was early in the evening of Saturday, 15 December 2012.

Sombath was driving his old jeep home. Shui Meng, who was travelling in her own vehicle in front of his, noticed him being stopped at a police post on Thadeua Road, a main thoroughfare in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Having your car stopped by the police is not uncommon in Laos. Usually it involves a simple identification check. Sometimes, police attempt to shake down drivers for a small bribe to supplement their meagre wages. As such, Shui Meng thought nothing of it and drove on home, expecting Sombath to join her later.

When her husband didn’t arrive for dinner she began to worry. She searched the vicinity of the police post where he was last seen and also visited Vientiane’s hospitals on the assumption he might have had an accident. She called his phone but was diverted to his message bank.

A fluent Lao speaker, Shui Meng reported Sombath missing to police the next day. She and Sombath’s family also rechecked the city’s hospitals and retraced the previous night’s events along Thadeua Road. It was then they noticed the Chinese-funded CCTV cameras mounted at various points along the road, one of which overlooked the police post where Sombath was last seen. Continue reading “Disappeared in Laos”

รายงานพิเศษ – รออย่างมีหวัง ภรรยา "สมบัด สมพอน"

The Nation TV: 03 กันยายน 2557

Nation TVกรณีการหายตัวไปของนักเคลื่อนไหว เกิดขึ้นในหลากหลายประเทศ หนึ่งในนั้น ที่เป็นที่รู้จักพอสมควร คือ การหายตัวไปของอ้ายสมบัด สมพอน นักพัฒนาชาวลาว ที่หายตัวไปเกือบ 2 ปีแล้ว … จนถึงวันนี้ มีข่าวคราวใด ๆ เกี่ยวกับตัวเขาหรือไม่ … คุณภัทร จินตนะกุล พาไปนครหลวงเวียงจันทน์ พูดคุยกับภรรยาของอ้ายสมบัด กันค่ะ

15 ธันวาคม 2555 คือวันที่ สมบัด สมพอน นักเคลื่อนไหวและนักพัฒนาชาวลาว หายตัวไปอย่างไร้ร่องรอย หลังจากที่เขาถูกโบกรถให้จอดเข้าข้างทาง จากนั้นมีคนเข้ามาเจรจากับเขา ท่ามกลางการจราจรที่พลุกพล่านในนครหลวงเวียงจันทน์  .. ก่อนที่สุดท้าย จะหายตัวไป ไม่มีใครทราบว่าเป็นตายร้ายดีอย่างไร .. Continue reading “รายงานพิเศษ – รออย่างมีหวัง ภรรยา "สมบัด สมพอน"”

Making the disappeared visible: the EU and the enforced disappearance of Sombath Somphone

New Europe: 31 August 2014

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A Thai activist holds placard shows drawing portraits of Lao civil society leader Sombath Somphone during a demonstration of the anniversary of his disappearance outside Laos embassy in Bangkok, Thailand, 15 December 2013 – EPA/Rungroj Yongrit

by Nicolas Beger

The International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearance was marked on 30 August. Many of us will have given special thought to Sombath Somphone, one of many such victims.

Sombath is known across Southeast Asia. But today, his whereabouts still remain shrouded in mystery. On 15 December 2012, Sombath was driving outside Vientiane, Laos, when, as video evidence shows, he was stopped at a police post. A truck with flashing lights arrived.

As police looked on, Sombath was bundled into it by men in civilian clothing. Police investigations have been far from thorough and failed to make full use of available video footage. Continue reading “Making the disappeared visible: the EU and the enforced disappearance of Sombath Somphone”

A New Hope With Every Sunrise for Families of the Disappeared

Huffington Post: 31 August 2014

By Geoffrey Mock

“A mother’s broken heart keeps waiting to know something about her only son, whom she has not seen for 670 days. A new hope is born on every sunrise to see Dr. Mohamed Arab once again with us.”

These words from the sister of Syrian doctor Mohamed Bashir Arab reveals something about the special hell family members go through when loved ones face “enforced disappearances” by government authorities. An “enforced disappearance” takes place when a person is arrested, detained or abducted by the state or agents acting for the state, who then deny that the person is being held or conceal their whereabouts, placing them outside the protection of the law.

From Syria to El Salvador, North Korea to Laos, family members wake every morning hoping that this is the day that some news is confirmed, and to end every day being denied information and closure. Continue reading “A New Hope With Every Sunrise for Families of the Disappeared”

Internationaler Tag der Opfer des Verschwindenlassens

Latina Press: 29 August 2014

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Protestaktion gegen das Verschwindenlassen (Foto: Amnesty International)

Zum morgigen “Internationalen Tag der Opfer des Verschwindenlassens” fordert Amnesty International von der Bundesregierung dieses Verbrechen als eigenen Straftatbestand einzuführen. Gleichzeitig macht die Menschenrechtsorganisation heute mit einer Kunstaktion auf das weltweit verbreitete Verbrechen aufmerksam. “Staatliche Stellen lassen Menschen von einer Minute auf die andere von der Bildfläche verschwinden und entziehen sie so jedem gesetzlichen Schutz”, sagt Maria Scharlau, Amnesty-Expertin für internationales Recht. “Meist ist das Verschwindenlassen der erste Schritt zu Folter und Mord. Angehörige finden in der Ungewissheit um das Schicksal der Opfer oft lebenslang keine Ruhe.”

Deutschland hat die UN-Konvention gegen das Verschwindenlassen 2009 ratifiziert. Dennoch ist sie noch nicht vollständige umgesetzt: Im deutschen Recht fehlt ein Straftatbestand, der explizit das “Verschwindenlassen” unter Strafe stellt. Bestehende Straftatbestände erfassen die Schwere der Tat nur unzureichend. Eine angemessene Bestrafung wird so verhindert. “Die Verjährungsdauer des Verbrechens ist bisher zu kurz. Häufig werden relevante Beweise erst mit einem Regimewechsel nach langen Jahren an die Oberfläche gespült. Eine Strafverfolgung der Täter wird dadurch nahezu unmöglich”, sagt Scharlau. “Auch wenn hierzulande dieses Verbrechen nicht vorkommt, muss sich Deutschland am internationalen Kampf gegen diese besonders grausame Form staatlicher Willkür beteiligen.” Continue reading “Internationaler Tag der Opfer des Verschwindenlassens”